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general description the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 nonvolatile, linear- taper, digital potentiometers perform the function of a mechanical potentiometer, but replace the mechanics with a simple 3-wire spi-compatible digital interface. each device performs the same function as a discrete potentiometer or variable resistor and has 256 tap points. the devices feature an internal, nonvolatile eeprom used to store the wiper position for initialization during power-up. the 3-wire spi-compatible serial interface allows communication at data rates up to 5mhz, mini- mizing board space and reducing interconnection com- plexity in many applications. the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 provide three nomi- nal resistance values: 50k ? (MAX5422), 100k ? (max5423), or 200k ? (max5424). the nominal resistor temperature coefficient is 35ppm/? end-to-end and only 5ppm/? ratiometric. this makes the devices ideal for applications requiring a low-temperature-coefficient variable resistor, such as low-drift, programmable gain- amplifier circuit configurations. the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 are available in a 3mm x 3mm 8-pin tdfn package, and are specified over the extended -40? to +85? temperature range. applications mechanical potentiometer replacement low-drift programmable gain amplifiers audio volume control liquid-crystal display (lcd) contrast control low-drift programmable filters features wiper position stored in nonvolatile memory (eeprom) and recalled upon power-up or interface command 3mm x 3mm x 0.8mm tdfn package 35ppm/? end-to-end resistance temperature coefficient 5ppm/? ratiometric temperature coefficient 50k ? , 100k ? , and 200k ? resistor values 5mhz spi-compatible serial interface 500na (typ) static supply current single-supply operation: +2.7v to +5.25v 256 tap positions ?.5 lsb dnl in voltage-divider mode ?.5 lsb inl in voltage-divider mode MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 ordering information/selector guide 19-3371; rev 0; 7/04 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. part temp range end-to-end resistance (k ? ) pin-package top mark MAX5422 eta -40 c to +85 c50 8 tdfn-ep* aij max5423 eta -40 c to +85 c 100 8 tdfn-ep* aii max5424 eta -40 c to +85 c 200 8 tdfn-ep* aih v dd sclk din gnd 1 2 3 45 w h 6 7 8 l tdfn (3mm x 3mm) top view cs MAX5422 max5423 max5424 pin configuration w l spi interface 256- position decoder v dd gnd sclk 8-bit nv memory 8-bit latch 8-bit shift register por h 8 8 256 din cs MAX5422 max5423 max5424 functional diagram spi is a trademark of motorola, inc. * ep = exposed pad. www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics (v dd = +2.7v to +5.25v, h = v dd , l = gnd, t a = -40 c to +85 c. typical values are at v dd = +5.0v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. v dd to gnd ...........................................................-0.3v to +6.0v all other pins to gnd.................................-0.3v to (v dd + 0.3v) maximum continuous current into h, l, and w MAX5422...................................................................... 1.3ma max5423...................................................................... 0.6ma max5424...................................................................... 0.3ma continuous power dissipation (t a = +70 c) 8-pin tdfn (derate 24.4mw/ c above +70 c) .........1951mw operating temperature range ...........................-40 c to +85 c junction temperature ......................................................+150 c storage temperature range .............................-60 c to +150 c lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300 c parameter symbol conditions min typ max units dc performance (voltage-divider mode) resolution n 256 taps integral nonlinearity inl (note 1) 0.5 lsb differential nonlinearity dnl (note 1) 0.5 lsb end-to-end resistance temperature coefficient tc r 35 ppm/ c ratiometric resistance temperature coefficient 5 ppm/ c MAX5422 -0.6 max5423 -0.3 full-scale error max5424 -0.15 lsb MAX5422 0.7 max5423 0.35 zero-scale error max5424 0.18 lsb dc performance (variable-resistor mode) v dd = 3v 3.0 integral nonlinearity (note 2) inl v dd = 5v 1.5 lsb v dd = 3v, MAX5422, -40 c t a +85 c, guaranteed monotonic -1.0 +2.0 v dd = 3v, MAX5422, 0 c t a +85 c, guaranteed monotonic -1.0 +1.2 v dd = 3v, max5423 1.0 v dd = 3v, max5424 1.0 differential nonlinearity (note 2) dnl v dd = 5v 1.0 lsb dc performance (resistor characteristics) wiper resistance r w v dd = 3v to 5.25v (note 3) 325 675 ? wiper capacitance c w 10 pf MAX5422 37.5 50 62.5 max5423 75 100 125 end-to-end resistance max5424 150 200 250 k ? www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 electrical characteristics (continued) (v dd = +2.7v to +5.25v, h = v dd , l = gnd, t a = -40 c to +85 c. typical values are at v dd = +5.0v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units digital inputs ( cs , din, sclk) v dd = 3.4v to 5.25v 2.4 input high voltage (note 4) v ih v dd < 3.4v 0.7 x v dd v input low voltage v il v dd = 2.7v to 5.25v (note 4) 0.8 v input leakage current i in 0.1 1 a input capacitance c in 5pf dynamic characteristics MAX5422 100 max5423 50 wiper -3db bandwidth (note 5) max5424 25 khz nonvolatile memory reliability data retention t a = +85 c50 years t a = +25 c 200,000 endurance t a = +85 c 50,000 stores power supply supply voltage v dd 2.70 5.25 v standby current i dd digital inputs = v dd or gnd, t a = +25 c 0.5 1 a programming current i pg during nonvolatile write to memory; digital inputs = v dd or gnd (note 6) 200 400 a timing characteristics (v dd = +2.7v to +5.25v, h = v dd , l = gnd, t a = -40 c to +85 c. typical values are at v dd = +5.0v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted. see figure 1.) (note 7) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units analog section MAX5422 400 max5423 600 wiper settling time (note 8) t s max5424 1000 ns digital section sclk frequency f sclk 5 mhz sclk clock period t cp 200 ns sclk pulse-width high t ch 80 ns sclk pulse-width low t cl 80 ns cs fall to sclk rise setup t css 80 ns sclk rise to cs rise hold t csh 0ns din to sclk setup t ds 50 ns www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
dnl vs. tap position MAX5422 toc01 tap position dnl (lsb) 224 192 128 160 64 96 32 -0.20 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 -0.25 0 256 voltage-divider mode inl vs. tap position MAX5422 toc02 tap position inl (lsb) 224 192 128 160 64 96 32 -0.20 -0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 -0.25 0256 voltage-divider mode resistance ( ? ) 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 wiper resistance vs. tap position MAX5422 toc03 tap position 224 192 128 160 64 96 32 0 256 v dd = 2.7v i src = 50 a typical operating characteristics (v dd = 5.0v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ timing characteristics (continued) (v dd = +2.7v to +5.25v, h = v dd , l = gnd, t a = -40 c to +85 c. typical values are at v dd = +5.0v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted. see figure 1.) (note 7) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units din hold after sclk t dh 0ns sclk rise to cs fall delay t cs0 20 ns cs rise to sclk rise hold t cs1 80 ns cs pulse-width high t csw 200 ns write nv register busy time t busy 12 ms note 1: the dnl and inl are measured with the potentiometer configured as a voltage-divider with h = v dd and l = gnd. the wiper terminal is unloaded and measured with a high-input-impedance voltmeter. note 2: the dnl and inl are measured with the potentiometer configured as a variable resistor. h is unconnected and l = gnd. for the 5v condition, the wiper terminal is driven with a source current of 80a for the 50k ? configuration, 40a for the 100k ? configuration, and 20a for the 200k ? configuration. for the 3v condition, the wiper terminal is driven with a source current of 40a for the 50k ? configuration, 20a for the 100k ? , and 10a for the 200k ? configuration. note 3: the wiper resistance is measured using the source currents given in note 2. for operation to v dd = 2.7v, see maximum wiper resistance vs. temperature in the typical operating characteristics . note 4: the device draws higher supply current when the digital inputs are driven with voltages between (v dd - 0.5v) and (gnd + 0.5v). see supply current vs. digital input voltage in the typical operating characteristics . note 5: wiper at midscale with a 10pf load (dc measurement). l = gnd; an ac source is applied to h; and the w output is mea- sured. a 3db bandwidth occurs when the ac w/h value is 3db lower than the dc w/h value. note 6: the programming current operates only during power-up and nv writes. note 7: digital timing is guaranteed by design and characterization, and is not production tested. note 8: wiper-settling time is the worst-case 0% to 50% rise-time measured between consecutive wiper positions. h = v dd , l = gnd, and the wiper terminal is unloaded and measured with a 10pf oscilloscope probe. www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 wiper transient at power-on 4 s/div v dd 1v/div w 1v/div c l = 10pf tap = 128 h = v dd MAX5422 toc04 -1.0 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 -40 10 -15 356085 end-to-end resistance % change vs. temperature MAX5422toc05 temperature ( c) end-to-end resistance % change standby supply current vs. temperature MAX5422 toc06 temperature ( c) supply current ( a) 60 35 10 -15 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 0 -40 85 v dd = 5.25v v dd = 4.0v v dd = 3.0v v dd = 2.7v maximum wiper resistance vs. temperature MAX5422 toc07 temperature ( c) resistance ( ? ) 60 35 10 -15 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0 -40 85 v dd = 5.25v v dd = 4.5v v dd = 3.0v v dd = 2.7v typical operating characteristics (continued) (v dd = 5.0v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) supply current vs. digital input voltage MAX5422 toc08 digital input voltage (v) supply current ( a) 34 2 1 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 05 thd+n response MAX5422 toc09 frequency (hz) thd+n (%) 10k 1k 100 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 0.0001 10 100k 1:1 ratio 20hz to 20khz bandpass inl vs. tap position (MAX5422) MAX5422 toc10 tap position inl (lsb) 224 192 160 128 96 64 32 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 -1.0 0256 variable-resistor mode v dd = 2.7v i src = 50 a www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ inl vs. tap position (max5424) MAX5422 toc12 tap position inl (lsb) 224 192 160 128 96 64 32 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 -1.0 0256 variable-resistor mode v dd = 2.7v i src = 10 a dnl vs. tap position (MAX5422) MAX5422 toc13 tap position dnl (lsb) 224 192 160 128 96 64 32 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0 256 variable-resistor mode dnl vs. tap position (max5423) MAX5422 toc14 tap position dnl (lsb) 224 192 160 128 96 64 32 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0 256 variable-resistor mode -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.3 dnl vs. tap position (max5424) MAX5422 toc15 tap position dnl (lsb) 224 192 160 128 96 64 32 0256 variable-resistor mode typical operating characteristics (continued) (v dd = 5.0v, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) inl vs. tap position (max5423) MAX5422 toc11 tap position inl (lsb) 224 192 160 128 96 64 32 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 -1.0 0256 variable-resistor mode v dd = 2.7v i src = 20 a www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
detailed description the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 contain a resistor array with 255 resistive elements. the MAX5422 has a total end-to-end resistance of 50k ? ; the max5423 has an end-to-end resistance of 100k ? ; and the max5424 has an end-to-end resistance of 200k ? . the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 allow access to the high, low, and wiper terminals for a standard voltage-divider configuration. h, l, and w can be connected in any desired configuration as long as their voltages fall between gnd and v dd . a simple, 3-wire, spi serial interface moves the wiper among the 256 tap points. the nonvolatile memory stores the wiper position and recalls the stored wiper position upon power-up. the nonvolatile memory is guaranteed for 50 years for wiper data retention and up to 200,000 wiper store cycles. analog circuitry the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 consist of a resistor array with 255 resistive elements; 256 tap points are accessible to the wiper, w, along the resistor string between h and l. select the wiper tap point by pro- gramming the potentiometer through the 3-wire (spi) interface. eight data bits, and a control byte program the wiper position. the h and l terminals of the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 are similar to the two end terminals of a mechanical potentiometer. the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 feature power-on reset circuitry that loads the wiper position from the non- volatile memory at power-up. digital interface the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 use a 3-wire, spi- compatible, serial data interface (figure 1 and 2). this write-only interface contains three inputs: chip-select MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 pin name function 1v dd power-supply input. bypass v dd with a 0.1f capacitor from v dd to gnd. 2 sclk serial-interface clock input 3 din serial-interface data input 4 cs active-low digital-input chip select 5 gnd ground 6l low terminal. the voltage at l can be greater than or less than the voltage at h. current can flow into or out of l. 7 w wiper terminal 8h high terminal. the voltage at h can be greater than or less than the voltage at l. current can flow into or out of h. ep exposed pad. the exposed pad is not internally connected. connect to gnd or leave floating. pin description sclk cs din t cs0 t ds t cl t ch t dh t cp t csh t cs1 t csw t css figure 1. digital interface and timing diagram www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAX5422/max5423/max5424 ( cs ), data clock (sclk), and data in (din). drive cs low to enable the serial interface and clock data syn- chronously into the shift register on each sclk rising edge. the write commands (c1, c0 = 00 or 01) require 16 clock cycles to clock in the command and data (figure 2a). the copy commands (c1, c0 = 10, 11) can use either eight clock cycles to transfer the command bits (figure 2b) or 16 clock cycles with 8 data bits that are disregarded by the device (figure 2a). after loading data into the shift register, drive cs high to latch the data into the appropriate potentiometer control register and disable the serial interface. keep cs low during the entire serial-data stream to avoid corruption of the data. the serial-data timing for the potentiometer is shown in figures 1 and 2. 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ clock edge 123456789101112131415 16 bit name c1 c0 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 write wiper register 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 write nv register 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 copy wiper register to nv register 00100000 copy nv register to wiper register 00110000 table 1. register map 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10111213141516 d7 d6 d5 d4 d3 d2 d1 d0 c1 c0 sclk din a) 16-bit command/data word 12345678 c1 c0 sclk din b) 8-bit command word cs cs figure 2. digital-interface format www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
write wiper register data written to this register (c1, c0 = 00) controls the wiper positions. the 8 data bits (d7 to d0) indicate the position of the wiper. for example, if din = 0000 0000, the wiper moves to the position closest to l. if din = 1111 1111, the wiper moves closest to h. this command writes data to the volatile random access memory (ram), leaving the nv registers unchanged. when the device powers up, the data stored in the nv registers transfers to the volatile wiper register, moving the wiper to the stored position. write nv register the write nv register command (c1, c0 = 01) stores the position of the wipers to the nv registers for use at power-up. alternatively, the copy wiper register to nv register command writes to the nv register. writing to the nv registers, does not affect the position of the wipers. copy wiper register to nv register the copy wiper register to nv register command (c1, c0 = 10) stores the current position of the wiper to the nv register for use at power-up. copy nv register to wiper register the copy nv register to wiper register (c1, c0 = 11) restores the wiper position to the current value stored in the nv register. standby mode the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 feature a low-power standby mode. when the device is not being pro- grammed, it enters into standby mode and supply cur- rent drops to 0.5a (typ). nonvolatile memory the internal eeprom consists of a nonvolatile register that retains the last value stored prior to power-down. the nonvolatile register is programmed to midscale at the factory. the nonvolatile memory is guaranteed for 50 years for wiper data retention and up to 200,000 wiper write cycles. power-up upon power-up, the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 load the data stored in the nonvolatile wiper register into the volatile wiper register, updating the wiper posi- tion with the data stored in the nonvolatile wiper regis- ter. this initialization period takes 10s. applications information the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 are intended for cir- cuits requiring digitally controlled adjustable resis- tance, such as lcd contrast control (where voltage biasing adjusts the display contrast), or programmable filters with adjustable gain and/or cutoff frequency. positive lcd bias control figures 3 and 4 show an application where a voltage- divider or variable resistor is used to make an adjustable, positive lcd-bias voltage. the op amp pro- vides buffering and gain to the resistor-divider network made by the potentiometer (figure 3) or to a fixed resistor and a variable resistor (see figure 4). MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 v out 30v 5v w h l MAX5422 max5423 max5424 figure 3. positive lcd-bias control using a voltage-divider v out 30v 5v w h l MAX5422 max5423 max5424 figure 4. positive lcd-bias control using a variable resistor www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAX5422/max5423/max5424 programmable filter figure 5 shows the configuration for a 1st-order pro- grammable filter. the gain of the filter is adjusted by r2, and the cutoff frequency is adjusted by r3. use the following equations to calculate the dc gain (g) and the 3db cutoff frequency (f c ): adjustable voltage reference figure 6 shows the MAX5422/max5423/max5424 used as the feedback resistors in an adjustable voltage-ref- erence application. independently adjust the output voltage of the max6160 from 1.23v to v in - 0.2v by changing the wiper position of the MAX5422/ max5423/max5424. offset voltage and gain adjustment connect the high and low terminals of one potentiome- ter of a MAX5422/max5423/max5424 between the null inputs of a max410 and the wiper to the op amp s positive supply to nullify the offset voltage over the operating temperature range. install another MAX5422/max5423/max5424 potentiometer in the feedback path to adjust the gain of the max410 (see figure 7). g r r f rc c =+ = 1 1 2 1 23 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ v out r1 w h l w h l MAX5422 max5423 max5424 r2 r3 v in c figure 5. programmable filter w h l max6160 MAX5422 max5423 max5424 +5v gnd v in out adj v 0 ref v 0 = 1.23v 200k ? for the max5424 r 2 (k ? ) v 0 = 1.23v 100k ? for the max5423 r 2 (k ? ) v 0 = 1.23v 50k ? for the MAX5422 r 2 (k ? ) figure 6. adjustable voltage reference 6 8 1 7 2 3 5v -5v MAX5422 max410 4 figure 7. offset voltage adjustment circuit chip information transistor count: 10,191 process: bicmos www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAX5422/max5423/max5424 256-tap, nonvolatile, spi-interface, digital potentiometers maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 11 ? 2004 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products. package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) 6, 8, &10l, dfn thin.eps l c l c pin 1 index area d e l e l a e number of leads shown are for reference only e2 detail a n f 1 2 21-0137 package outline, 6, 8, 10 & 14l, tdfn, exposed pad, 3x3x0.80 mm common dimensions symbol min. max. a 0.70 0.80 d 2.90 3.10 e 2.90 3.10 a1 0.00 0.05 l 0.20 0.40 pkg. code n d2 e2 e jedec spec b [(n/2)-1] x e package variations 0.25 min. k a2 0.20 ref. 2.300.10 1.500.10 6 t633-1 0.95 bsc mo229 / weea 1.90 ref f 2 2 21-0137 package outline, 6, 8, 10 & 14l, tdfn, exposed pad, 3x3x0.80 mm 0.400.05 1.95 ref 0.300.05 0.65 bsc 2.300.10 8 t833-1 2.00 ref 0.250.05 0.50 bsc 2.300.10 10 t1033-1 2.40 ref 0.200.03 - - - - 0.40 bsc 1.700.10 2.300.10 14 t1433-1 1.500.10 1.500.10 mo229 / weec mo229 / weed-3 0.40 bsc - - - - 0.200.03 2.40 ref t1433-2 14 2.300.10 1.700.10 www.datasheet.co.kr datasheet pdf - http://www..net/

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